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Companies with foreign investments: These companies use Forex market for their foreign trading operations. The companies being the participants of international Forex market such as regarding importers have a stable foreign currency demand whether the exporters have large amounts of the currency on offer. Both these kinds of the companies have short-term deposits to hold their currency. That's why these companies don't use the Forex market directly due to using commercial banks for conversion and depositary operations.

The companies carrying out foreign investments of assets, such as Investment Funds, International Corporations, Money Market Funds. These kinds of companies contain a number of international investment funds that are following the policy of their investments diversification by placing the assets in various governmental and company securities. Georges Soros's "Quantum", and " Dean Witter" fund are well-known funds of this kind. Xerox, Nestle, General Motors, British Petroleum and others are the kind of companies that deal with the international industrial investments for purposes of joint ventures, creating branches and others.

Hedge Funds: These funds, known due to George Soros's Quantum fund, have raised their importance during the 1990s currency speculation in an aggressive form. Billions of dollars at the disposal of these funds along with the billions that can be borrowed make Hedge Funds the possible better support for the currencies of the countries welcoming Hedge Funds than central banks are.

The reputation of the Hedge Funds has raised due to their recent aggressive currency speculations. As far as the amounts of money in such funds are increasing they are very attractive for foreign exchange markets. These markets can speculate with tens billions of dollars due to their leverage so consolidation of the players known as the "herd instinct" of these funds can be very unpleasant. Though, these funds are not thought to be successful without the strategy that sounds. It is also thought that the actual functioning of these funds is instable financial weakness using and uncovering for the purpose of returning the normal values to realignment.

Speculation: Currency speculators and the influence they cause to the currencies depreciations are widely and regularly disputed. Thought the speculators are considered to carry out such important functions as supporting hedgers for the market and entrusting the risks with suitable people from the point of view of some economists like Milton Friedman. Others (for instance Joseph Stiglitz) consider this not an economical approach, but mostly a political or dedicated to the free market one.

The key speculators provided by professionals are the well-capitalized "position traders" as well as the major hedge funds.

Many countries are quite suspicious to such operations as currency speculations. From this point of view, the traditional forms of investment including stocks and bonds bring more effective economic rise by supplying the capital unlike currency speculations. This is considered just as gambling that often doesn't go along with the economic policy. The currency speculations obliged the Central Bank of Sweden make a short-term rise of the interest rates up to the value of 150% a year that has been followed by krona devaluation. One of the most determined advocates of this point of view, Mahathir Mohamad who used to be the Prime Minister of Malaysia, called George Soros and other speculators the main culprits of the Malaysian ringgit devaluation in 1997.

The follower of the opposite opinion, Gregory Millman, argues that speculators make the international agreements to be "enforced" as well as forecast the consequences of the main economic "law" for the purpose of making profit being compared to "vigilantes".

Simply speaking, the speculators of the forex market just accelerate the economical process bringing the economy to an unavoidable collapse in case the instable financial masses occur or the economy is carried out badly. A soon collapse is supposed to be better way out than a prolonged depression. Thus, it is supposed that in order to distract the public attention from putting the economy into decline Mahathir Mohamad along with the other critics blame the speculators.

Central banks - they provide the currency security from its exchange rates considerable leaps causing economical crises as well as monitors the balance of export-import processes that can be generally called currency regulation. Exchange markets are under direct pressure from central banks. It can affect the market either by direct currency pressure which is the straight line affection or by varying the interest rates and money assets which is called indirect affection. As far as they can be interested in uptrends as well as downtrends due to the certain targets, they can not be called either bulls or bears. In case the aim of the central bank is to affect the national currency it acts alone in the forex market, but if it cooperates with other central banks their goal is likely a joint intervention or common currency policy. The key players in the sphere having the greatest influence are: Bundesbank (the central bank of Germany), Bank of England (the Great Britain), the central bank of the USA and Federal Reserve System (US Federal Reserve or just FED).