On an island famed as Australia's "Galapagos" for its unique and abundant wildlife, rescuers are racing to save rare animals in a bushfire-ravaged landscape.

The charred forest floor on Kangaroo Island is littered with corpses of animals incinerated by the blazes that swept through two weeks ago.

Unprecedented fires across swathes of southern and eastern Australia over the past five months have killed an estimated billion animals.

AFPTV / Daniel DE CARTERET

With forests and coastal areas roughly the size of Portugal burnt through, environmentalists fear the fires will drive some species to extinction.

On Kangaroo Island -- home to unique koalas, the critically endangered mouse-like dunnart and many threatened plants -- concerns are particularly acute.

Amid the stench of rotting animal flesh, rescuers are combing the island's Flinders Chase National Park looking for injured, lost and starving animals.

An animal rescuer approaches an injured Koala sitting beside a dead one after fires ravaged Australia's Kangaroo Island
An animal rescuer approaches an injured Koala sitting beside a dead one after fires ravaged Australia's Kangaroo Island AFP / PETER PARKS

"When we found this area we never thought anything could have survived, but we have pulled survivors out of there every day," Kelly Donithan, a Humane Society International crisis response specialist, told AFP while on patrol this week.

But with huge parts of the animals' habitats destroyed, the chances of many surviving are fading by the day.

"Time is of the essence," Donithan said.

Rescued koalas are being taken to a makeshift sanctuary at Kangaroo Island's Wildlife Park in Australia after bushfires swept through the area
Rescued koalas are being taken to a makeshift sanctuary at Kangaroo Island's Wildlife Park in Australia after bushfires swept through the area AFP / PETER PARKS

"Every day that goes by, the animals get weaker and weaker and their organs are becoming more susceptible to irreparable damage."

Rescuers have been combing the forests of Australia's Kangaroo Island looking for injured wildlife
Rescuers have been combing the forests of Australia's Kangaroo Island looking for injured wildlife AFP / PETER PARKS

Kangaroo Island, a short ferry ride from Adelaide in South Australia, was before the fires a popular tourist destination because of its pristine landscape and wildlife.

One of its most famous animals is the glossy black cockatoo, a bird with a bright tail that is extinct on the mainland.

But as rescuers walked through the death zones of the national park on Wednesday, no birds could be heard.

Koalas on Australia's Kangaroo Island have been hit hard by the bushfires
Koalas on Australia's Kangaroo Island have been hit hard by the bushfires AFP / PETER PARKS

Another top concern is the Kangaroo Island dunnart, a small grey marsupial which was already facing extinction before the blazes.

"We think there were about 500 of them left (before the fires)," Zoos South Australia chief executive Elaine Bensted told national broadcaster ABC.

She said most of the dunnarts were in the western part of the island, which has been most severely impacted by the fires, many still burning.

The rescuers say it is difficult to find small species that have survived so their focus has mainly been on larger animals.

These notably include the local koala population, the only one in Australia entirely free of chlamydia -- a sexually transmitted infection also found in humans that is fatal to the marsupials.

This has made them a key "insurance population" for the future of the species.

They are even more crucial now that huge numbers of koalas are feared to have died in the bushfires on the Australian mainland.

Australian Environment Minister Sussan Ley this week said koalas had taken an "extraordinary hit" and could be listed as endangered for the first time.

Rescued koalas are being taken to a makeshift sanctuary at Kangaroo Island's Wildlife Park.

But some are so badly injured that they are having to be euthanised.

"Sometimes we're out there for hours walking through catastrophic landscapes (with) hundreds and hundreds of bodies on the ground... and you get down -- you can't help it -- it's extremely traumatic," he told AFP.

"But then you find a (koala) joey at the end of the day and we bring it in and we give it a chance and we're filled with joy."