The US government will run out of money at some point in October unless Congress acts to increase the federal borrowing limit, Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen said on Wednesday.

Congress suspended the debt limit in 2019, but the two-year suspension lapsed on July 31, resetting the cap at $28 trillion and forcing Treasury to begun taking "extraordinary measures" to continue funding government operations without breaching the limit.

In a letter to House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, Yellen warned that if the ceiling was not raised, "the United States of America would be unable to meet its obligations for the first time in our history."

"Based on our best and most recent information, the most likely outcome is that cash and extraordinary measures will be exhausted during the month of October," she wrote.

The country's debt and deficit have soared during the Covid-19 pandemic after Washington approved three massive spending bills aimed at lessening the damage from its economic impacts.

US Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen has warned of dire consequences if Congress does not vote to increase the debt limit
US Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen has warned of dire consequences if Congress does not vote to increase the debt limit AFP / JOHN THYS

Raising the debt limit does not increase spending, but simply allows Treasury to finance projects already approved by Congress. Without an increase, the United States could face an unprecedented default on payments.

Congress is currently considering a $1.2 trillion infrastructure plan as well as a massive social spending plan costing $3.5 trillion, both of which would push spending even higher.

While the House and Senate are controlled by President Joe Biden's Democratic Party, they will need votes from Republican lawmakers to raise the borrowing limit. Bt the opposition party has so far said they are against it.

At a press conference, Pelosi provided few details of how Democrats planned to get an increase approved, but said "it has to happen."

Raising the debt ceiling has been a contentious issue in Congress for the past several years, and a 2011 standoff caused S&P Global Ratings to downgrade US sovereign debt from its coveted AAA rating.